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If you’re wondering “what is a paraprofessional’s role?” in the classroom, let’s put it into perspective. While teachers have the authority to make instructional decisions and are accountable for student learning outcomes, they can’t always do it alone. That’s where paraprofessionals (also known as teacher assistants) come in. 

Teachers and paraprofessionals share some professional responsibilities, such as instruction delivery and classroom management. However, these roles also have many differences.

In terms of authority, as licensed professionals, teachers have the authority to make instructional decisions, assess student performance and manage classroom dynamics. Paraprofessionals operate under the supervision of licensed teachers and don’t have the authority to make independent instructional decisions.

Becoming a licensed teacher typically requires a bachelor’s degree in education or a specific subject area, completion of a teacher preparation program, and state certification or licensure. Schools hire paraprofessionals who have at least a high school diploma, an associate degree or a skills assessment certification. However, the more education a paraprofessional has, the more insight, skills and value they can bring to the classroom.

Additionally, teachers communicate with parents and administrators regarding student development. Paraprofessionals simply provide classroom support. 

Some paraeducators work inclusively with special education students and help adapt lessons to fit individual learning styles. They may also assist with basic care needs, such as personal hygiene, providing meal assistance or teaching life skills to students with disabilities.

At this point, you may be asking “what is a paraprofessional’s recommended educational background?” Requirements for this profession depend on the state you’re in and whether you plan to work in a public or private school. In a public school, you need at least a high school diploma or a GED. You also need at least two years of college coursework or an associate degree. However, private schools may have different requirements.

Associate degree programs for paraeducators focus on creating educational materials, observing students and supporting classroom teachers. While not required, a bachelor’s degree in education or psychology can provide further skills that you can apply in the classroom.

Paraprofessional certification requirements vary by state; some mandate certification, while others consider it optional. Additionally, you may need to obtain certification in CPR and first aid to qualify for a job in a public school.

Depending on which state you’re in, you may need to pass a skills test to work as a paraeducator. If you’re looking for a job in a Title 1 school (a federally funded institution serving low-income families), the Every Student Succeeds Act (formerly the No Child Left Behind Act) requires you to pass a qualifying assessment.

There are two assessments you may complete to meet state and federal requirements: The ParaPro Assessment and the ACT WorkKeys assessment.

The ParaPro Assessment is a computer-based test comprised of 90 multiple-choice questions covering reading, writing and math. You must complete this assessment in approximately 2.5 hours. Upon completion, you’ll receive an unofficial score immediately and an official score mailed to you within two to three weeks.

The ACT WorkKeys assessment consists of three computer-based tests: applied math, graphic literacy and workplace documents. This assessment evaluates your proficiency in reading, math and writing, as well as your ability to apply these skills during classroom instruction.

All U.S. states require K–12 educators to undergo criminal background checks, and the majority extend this requirement to other school employees, including paraprofessionals.

Background checks include searches of state and federal criminal databases, such as the FBI’s Interstate Identification Index and sex offender registries.

Depending on which state you’re in, your background check may include the NASDTEC clearinghouse, which monitors educators who have had their teaching credentials revoked for misconduct.

Once you’ve become a paraeducator, what is a paraprofessional’s next step? For many, working in this capacity can be a good opportunity to gain classroom experience while furthering their education. Specifically, if becoming a licensed and certified teacher appeals to you, working as a paraprofessional can be a good way to see if the field suits your interests and talents. If so, you may choose to continue to work in that capacity while pursuing a bachelor’s degree and learning skills you can apply immediately.

This is especially true for working professionals who opt for an online degree program whose flexibility makes it possible to work full time and go to school simultaneously.

For example, you can become a kindergarten and elementary school teacher by obtaining a bachelor’s degree in elementary education, completing a teacher education program and passing the required state-issued exams to receive licensure.

To become a middle or high school teacher, you’ll need a bachelor’s degree in education or a specific content area such as mathematics, history, English or science.

The coursework you’ll likely complete for your college education degree includes foundations of education, child development, classroom management, structured English immersion and other relevant courses.

Wherever your career journey may take you, working as a paraprofessional educator can help you develop important skills and insights you can carry into the future.